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Dynamic C User’s Manual digi.com 345
APPENDIX C. SECURITY SOFTWARE & UTILITY
PROGRAMS
This appendix documents the security software and utility programs available for Rabbit-based systems.
The security software is called the Rabbit Embedded Security Pack. It is summarized in Section C.1. There
are several Dynamic C utilities, each one described in Section C.2.
C.1 Rabbit Embedded Security Pack
The Rabbit Embedded Security Pack is composed of AES and SSL functionality. It is available for pur-
chase on the Digi website:
www.digi.com/support/
Documentation for the security pack is also available online.
C.1.1 AES
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is an implementation of the Rijndael Advanced Encryption Stan-
dard cipher with 128 bit key. This is useful for encrypting sensitive data to be sent over unsecured network
paths.
C.1.2 SSL
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) is a security protocol that transforms a typical reliable transport protocol
(such as TCP) into a secure communications channel for conducting sensitive transactions. The SSL proto-
col defines the methods by which a secure communications channel can be established—it does not indi-
cate which cryptographic algorithms to use. SSL supports many different algorithms, and serves as a
framework whereby cryptography can be used in a convenient and distributed manner.
- User’s Manual 1
- Dynamic C User’s Manual 2
- Table of Contents 3
- 4 digi.com Table of Contents 4
- 6 digi.com Table of Contents 6
- 8 digi.com Table of Contents 8
- 1. INSTALLING DYNAMIC C 9
- 2. INTRODUCTION TO DYNAMIC C 11
- 3. QUICK TUTORIAL 15
- 3.1 Run DEMO1.C 16
- 3.1.1 Single Stepping 17
- 3.1.2 Watch Expression 17
- 3.1.3 Breakpoint 17
- 3.2 Run DEMO2.C 18
- 3.3 Run DEMO3.C 19
- 3.4 Run DEMO4.C 20
- 3.4.1 Trace Macros 21
- 3.5 Summary of Features 22
- 4. LANGUAGE 23
- 4.2 Punctuation Tokens 24
- 4.3 Data 25
- 4.4 Names 26
- 4.5 Macros 27
- 28 digi.com Language 28
- 4.6 Numbers 29
- 4.7.1 String Concatenation 30
- 4.7.2 Character Constants 31
- 4.8 Statements 32
- 4.9 Declarations 32
- 4.10 Functions 33
- 4.11 Prototypes 33
- 4.12 Type Definitions 34
- 4.13 Aggregate Data Types 35
- 4.13.2 Structure 36
- 4.13.3 Union 36
- 4.13.4 Composites 36
- 4.14 Storage Classes 37
- 4.15 Pointers 37
- 38 digi.com Language 38
- 4.17 Argument Passing 39
- 4.18 Program Flow 40
- 4.18.2 Continue and Break 41
- 4.18.3 Branching 42
- 4.19 Function Chaining 44
- 4.20 Global Initialization 45
- sections may be used in 45
- 4.21 Libraries 46
- 4.22 Headers 47
- 4.23 Modules 47
- 4.23.1 The Parts of a Module 48
- 4.23.1.3 Module Body 49
- 4.23.2 Module Sample Code 50
- 4.23.3 Important Notes 51
- 4.25 Support Files 52
- ULTITASKING WITH DYNAMIC C 53
- 5.2 A Real-Time Problem 54
- 5.3 Costatements 56
- (a) Execution of yield 58
- (b) Execution thread the 58
- next time the costate 58
- is encountered 58
- 5.4.1 The CoData Structure 59
- 5.4.2 CoData Fields 60
- • the costatement is aborted 60
- 5.5 Cofunctions 62
- 5.5.2 Calling Restrictions 63
- 5.5.3 CoData Structure 64
- 5.5.4 Firsttime Functions 64
- 5.5.5 Types of Cofunctions 64
- 5.5.7 Special Code Blocks 67
- 5.7 Timing Considerations 69
- 5.9 Slice Statements 70
- 5.9.3 Restrictions 71
- 5.9.4 Slice Data Structure 71
- 5.9.5 Slice Internals 71
- 5.10 µC/OS-II 74
- Figure 5-7 Type 1 ISR 77
- Figure 5-8 Type 2 ISR 77
- Listing 1 80
- 5.10.3 Library Reentrancy 82
- Example 1 85
- Example 2 87
- 5.11 Summary 89
- 6. DEBUGGING WITH DYNAMIC C 91
- 6.3 Debugging Tools 93
- 6.3.2 Software Breakpoints 94
- 6.3.3 Single Stepping 96
- 6.3.4 Watch Expressions 97
- 6.3.5 Evaluate Expressions 98
- 6.3.6 Memory Dump 99
- 6.3.7 MAP File 100
- 6.3.8 Execution Trace 102
- 6.3.9 Symbolic Stack Trace 103
- 6.3.10 Assert Macro 104
- General Debug Windows 104
- SerialIO.exe 105
- Error Logging 105
- 6.4.2 Options Menu 108
- 6.4.3 Window Menu 108
- 6.4.1 Run and Inspect Menus 108
- 6.5 Debug Strategies 109
- 6.5.2 Finding the Bug 110
- • Memory corruption 111
- • Interrupt latency 111
- 7. THE VIRTUAL DRIVER 113
- 7.3 Global Timer Variables 114
- 7.3.2 Example: Delay Loop 115
- 7.4 Watchdog Timers 116
- 8. RUN-TIME ERRORS 119
- 8.1.2 Fatal Error Codes 120
- Address Data at address 121
- Register Expected Value 121
- 8.3 Run-Time Error Logging 122
- 124 digi.com Run-Time Errors 124
- 9. MEMORY MANAGEMENT 125
- 9.2 Extended Memory Functions 126
- 9.3 Code Placement in Memory 126
- 9.4 Dynamic Memory Allocation 127
- 10. FILE SYSTEMS 129
- 130 digi.com File Systems 130
- • which library to use 131
- • which drivers to use 131
- 132 digi.com File Systems 132
- FS2_USE_PROGRAM_FLASH 133
- XMEM_RESERVE_SIZE 133
- Command Description 134
- Specifying Logical Extents 136
- Further Partitioning 136
- 10.1.5 File Identifiers 137
- 10.2 FAT File System 140
- 142 digi.com File Systems 142
- Table 11 143
- FAT Version Device Driver 143
- 144 digi.com File Systems 144
- 146 digi.com File Systems 146
- 10.2.3 More Sample Programs 148
- - read-only v - volume label 149
- - hidden file d - directory 149
- - system a - archive 149
- 150 digi.com File Systems 150
- 152 digi.com File Systems 152
- 154 digi.com File Systems 154
- DIR1\\FILE.EXT 156
- 158 digi.com File Systems 158
- 160 digi.com File Systems 160
- "DIR/FILE.TXT"); 162
- 10.2.5 More FAT Information 164
- Master Boot Record (MBR) 165
- 10.2.5.3.2 FAT 166
- 10.2.5.3.3 Root Directory 166
- 10.2.5.3.4 Data Area 166
- • Use FAT version 2.10 168
- 170 digi.com File Systems 170
- 11. USING ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE 171
- 11.1.2 Embedded C Syntax 172
- 11.2.1 Comments 173
- 11.2.2 Defining Constants 173
- 11.2.3 Multiline Macros 175
- 11.2.4 Labels 175
- 11.2.5 Special Symbols 175
- 11.2.6 C Variables 176
- 11.4 Embedded Assembly Code 178
- Stack Frame 179
- 11.4.4 Local Variable Access 182
- 11.5 C Calling Assembly 183
- 11.6 Assembly Calling C 185
- PERIODIC_OFS SERA_OFS 187
- EXT0_OFS 187
- 11.8 Common Problems 192
- 12. KEYWORDS 193
- 194 digi.com Keywords 194
- 196 digi.com Keywords 196
- Example 1: 198
- Example 2: 198
- Example 3: 198
- Example 4: 198
- Example 5: 198
- 200 digi.com Keywords 200
- 202 digi.com Keywords 202
- 204 digi.com Keywords 204
- 206 digi.com Keywords 206
- __lcall__ 208
- 210 digi.com Keywords 210
- 212 digi.com Keywords 212
- 214 digi.com Keywords 214
- 216 digi.com Keywords 216
- 218 digi.com Keywords 218
- 220 digi.com Keywords 220
- 12.1 Compiler Directives 222
- #nodebug 223
- #GLOBAL_INIT 224
- #funcchain 224
- #interleave 226
- #nointerleave 226
- #makechain 226
- #precompile 228
- #nouseix 229
- #ximport 229
- #zimport 230
- 13. OPERATORS 231
- 13.1 Arithmetic Operators 232
- 234 digi.com Operators 234
- 13.2 Assignment Operators 235
- 13.3 Bitwise Operators 236
- 13.4 Relational Operators 238
- 13.5 Equality Operators 239
- 13.6 Logical Operators 239
- 13.7 Postfix Expressions 240
- 13.9 Conditional Operators 242
- 13.10 Other Operators 243
- 244 digi.com Operators 244
- 14. GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE 245
- 14.2 Menus 246
- 14.2.2 File Menu 247
- <Alt+F4> 248
- 14.2.3 Edit Menu 249
- <Shift+Ctrl+F> 251
- <Ctrl+Alt+P> 251
- <Ctrl+Alt+N> 251
- <F4> 251
- <Ctrl+Enter> 252
- 14.2.4 Compile Menu 253
- • Compile to Flash 253
- • Compile to RAM 253
- Tar ge t le ss 254
- <Ctrl+Y> 254
- BIOS Memory 254
- 14.2.5 Run Menu 255
- 14.2.6 Inspect Menu 257
- <Ctrl+Alt+T> 260
- <Shift+Ctrl+T> 260
- <Ctrl+E> 260
- 14.2.7 Options Menu 261
- Show line numbers on gutter 262
- Ctrl+k+i> or unindented 263
- Ctrl+k+u> 263
- Usemonofont for 266
- Text attribues 267
- Show File Name in Source Line 272
- Show register history 272
- Show registers as editable 273
- Ctrl+Alt+H) 273
- Segmented Dump Range 275
- Network Address field 279
- View Menu But 292
- Default Toolbars 292
- 14.2.8 Window Menu 293
- (Alt+ F12) 296
- (Ctrl+T) 297
- 14.2.9 Help Menu 299
- <Ctrl+H> is pressed) 300
- 15. COMMAND LINE INTERFACE 303
- 15.3 Saving Output to a File 304
- 15.4 Command Line Switches 304
- -bf BIOSFilePathname 312
- -clf ColdLoaderFilePathname 312
- \Bios\RabbitBios.c 312
- -d MacroDefinition 313
- -d- MacroToUndefine 314
- -eto EthernetResponseTimeout 314
- -i InputsFilePathname 314
- -lf LibrariesFilePathname 315
- -ne maxNumberOfErrors 315
- -nw maxNumberOfWarnings 315
- -o OutputFilePathname 316
- -oa OutputFilePathname 316
- -pbf PilotBIOSFilePathname 316
- -pf projectFilePathname 317
- -pw TCPPassPhrase 317
- -ret Retries 317
- -rf RTIFilePathname 318
- -s Port:Baud:Stopbits 319
- -sto SerialResponseTimeout 319
- 15.5 Examples 320
- 15.6 Command Line RFU 321
- -fi Flash.ini PathName 322
- -pb PilotBiosPathName 322
- -s port:baudrate 323
- -t ipAddress:tcpPort 323
- 16. PROJECT FILES 325
- 16.2 Updating a Project File 326
- 16.3 Menu Selections 326
- 16.4 Command Line Usage 327
- 328 digi.com Project Files 328
- 17. HINTS AND TIPS 329
- 17.2 Efficiency 330
- 17.3 Run-time Storage of Data 331
- 17.3.1 User Block 332
- 17.3.2 Flash File System 332
- 17.3.3 WriteFlash2 332
- 17.3.4 Battery-Backed RAM 332
- • Use #memmap xmem 333
- • Increase DATAORG 333
- 334 digi.com Hints and Tips 334
- • Decrease DATAORG 335
- 336 digi.com Hints and Tips 336
- VARIABLES 337
- 338 digi.com 338
- CLOCK_DOUBLED 340
- WATCHCODESIZE 340
- USE_TIMERA_PRESCALE 340
- USE_2NDFLASH_CODE 340
- A.3 Global Variables 341
- A.4 Exception Types 342
- A.5 Rabbit Registers 342
- B.1 Grammar 343
- 344 digi.com 344
- PROGRAMS 345
- C.2 Dynamic C Utilities 346
- 348 digi.com 348
- C.2.4 Rabbit Field Utility 349
- -cl ColdLoaderPathName 351
- -pb PilotBiosPathName 351
- -fi Flash.ini PathName 352
- 354 digi.com 354
- 356 digi.com 356
- Numerics 357
- 358 digi.com Index 358
- 360 digi.com Index 360
- 362 digi.com Index 362
- 364 digi.com Index 364
- 366 digi.com Index 366
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